GDF-15
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a protein belonging to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily that has a role in regulating inflammatory and apoptotic pathways in injured tissues and during disease processes. GDF15 is also known as TGF-PL, MIC-1, PDF, PLAB, and PTGFB. GDF15 mRNA is most abundant in the liver, with lower levels seen in some other tissues. Its expression in liver can be significantly up-regulated in during injury of organs such as liver, kidney, heart and lung.
References
- Zimmers T, Jin X, Hsiao E, McGrath S, Esquela A, Koniaris L (2005). “Growth differentiation factor-15/macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 induction after kidney and lung injury”. Shock 23 (6): 543–8. PMID 15897808.
- Hsiao E, Koniaris L, Zimmers-Koniaris T, Sebald S, Huynh T, Lee S (2000). “Characterization of growth-differentiation factor 15, a transforming growth factor beta superfamily member induced following liver injury”. Mol Cell Biol 20 (10): 3742–3751. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.10.3742-3751.2000. PMC 85678. PMID 10779363.